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PG and G17 serum levels in combination with gastroscopy was a powerful approach to diagnosing early-stage GC.

Gastroscopy followed by examinations of biopsy specimens is the gold standard for diagnosing gastric cancer (GC). A disadvantage of this method is that it is invasive and causes discomfort and pain, making it an undesirable procedure for diagnostics.  Several attempts have been made to detect precancerous lesions and early-stage GC in high incidence areas by examining serum levels of pepsinogen (PG) and gastrin-17 (G17), which could offer an effective and non-invasive alternative to traditional gastroscopy for diagnosing GC.1–3 . Three Introductions to Stomach Function is shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1

Three Introductions to Stomach Function

PGI   Mainly secreted by chief cells and mucous neck cells of fundic glands. PGI was negatively correlated with atrophic gastritis in the fundus and corpus, and positively correlated with peptic ulcer.

PGII  It is secreted by all gastric glands and duodenum. PGII is positively correlated with gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer and Hp infection.

PGR (PGI/PGII)  Decreased PGI and normal PGII: The progressive decrease of PGR is related to the progress of gastric mucosal atrophy and gastric fundus.

G17  is secreted by G cells in the gastric antrum, and there is a strict negative feedback mechanism with gastric acid level, which is negatively correlated with atrophic gastritis of the gastric antrum.

Clinical significance: 

- Screening for gastric ulcer, atrophic gastritis, and early gastric cancer

- Determination index of recurrence after gastric cancer resection

- Determination index for recurrence and cure of peptic ulcer

- Dynamic monitoring of individual gastric mucosal function

- Stomach Health Checkup for Physical Examination People

Applicable departments: 

Gastroenterology, oncology, physical examination center, surgery